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Exam 12: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids

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Question 1

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Which of the following properties of water can be attributed to hydrogen bonding? 1) high melting point 2) high heat of vaporization 3) low vapor pressure 4) high surface tension

A) 1 and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 2,3,and 4
D) 1,3,and 4
E) 1,2,3,and 4

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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Question 2

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Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT? 1) If the intermolecular forces in a liquid decrease,the normal boiling point of the liquid decreases. 2) If the temperature of a liquid increases,the equilibrium vapor pressure increases. 3) If the surface area of a liquid increases,the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid increases.

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) 3 only
D) 1 and 2
E) 1,2,and 3

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Question 3

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Which of the following molecules is expected to form hydrogen bonds in the pure liquid or solid phase: ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) ,acetic acid (CH₃CO₂H) ,acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) ,and dimethyl ether (CH₃OCH₃) ?

Place the following cations in order from the lowest to the highest hydration enthalpy: K⁺,Ca²⁺,and Mg²⁺.

At 10.0^oC,the vapor pressure of nitric acid is 26.6 mmHg,and at 50.0^oC,the vapor pressure is 208 mmHg.Using this information,calculate the heat of vaporization ( $\Delta$ _vapH) of nitric acid.(R = 8.314 J/K.mol)

Which of the following statements concerning the attraction of ions to polar molecules is/are CORRECT? 1) The energy of attraction between an ion and a polar molecule is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the center of the ion and the oppositely charged pole of the dipole. 2) The higher the ion charge,the stronger the attraction between the ion and a polar molecule. 3) The greater the magnitude of the dipole,the greater the attraction between the ion and a polar molecule.

Which of the following liquids has the $\underline{\text{ lowest }}$ enthalpy of vaporization?

Which of the following pure liquids is expected have the highest boiling point?

Which ion,K⁺ or Ca²⁺,is expected to have the more negative enthalpy of hydration? Why?

The molecules in solid PH₃ are attracted to each other by ___.

Arrange Cl₂,ICl,and Br₂ in order from lowest to highest boiling point.

The toughness of the skin of a liquid is a measure of its ____.

Volatile liquids are described by all of the following $\textbf{ except:}$

As pure molecular solids,which of the following exhibit only induced dipole/induced dipole forces: CO₂,CH₂Cl₂,and SO₂?

The vapor pressure of a given liquid will increase if

In a certain mountain range,water boils at 93°C.What is the atmospheric pressure under these conditions? The enthalpy of vaporization of water at 100°C is 40.7 kJ/mol.(R = 8.314 J/K·mol; 1 atm = 760 mmHg)

What is the $\underline{\text{ strongest }}$ intermolecular force present in solid NH₃?

Place the following cations in order from the most negative to the least negative hydration enthalpy: Cs⁺,Na⁺,and Rb⁺.

What intermolecular force(s) is/are present in solid NH₃? 1) induced dipole/induced dipole 2) dipole-dipole 3) hydrogen bonding

London dispersion forces are the only significant factor affecting boiling point for all the following except?