Question 1

The primary problem with the government subsidies approach is that when a subsidy is for less than 100 percent of the cost, the firm that limits its pollutants must still pay the difference between the actual cost and the subsidy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following best illustrates a technology-driven standard set by direct regulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a regulation that requires air filters to be set on high instead of low in order to give out cleaner air
B)  a regulation that requires the contaminants in water to be at a particular level so that it is potable
C)  a regulation that requires air quality in a city to be at a level so that the number of asthma cases will continue to decrease
D)  a regulation that requires the smoke from a factory to be filtered so that it minimizes the chances of lung disease in childrenE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) A

Question 3

According to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), the primary and secondary standards are the same for sulfur dioxide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which of the following is true of negligence actions involving hazardous materials?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are easy to prosecute primarily because many of the pollutants cause immediate harm.
B)  By the time the harm occurs, it is often difficult to link the damage to the defendant's release of the material.
C)  Unlike nuisance actions, negligence actions prevent pollution in the first place.
D)  The availability of defenses such as contributory or comparative negligence, as well as assumption of the risk, helps increase the effectiveness of this tort.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Treaties are implied agreements between two or more nations that specify how particular issues are to be resolved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe the various alternatives to direct regulation and state the problems with each of them.

Accepted Answer

Under a subsidy system, the government p...

Question 7

Which of the following primary responses of the U.S. to environmental problems involve written agreements between two or more nations that specify how particular issues are to be resolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  treaties
B)  environmental policies
C)  manifests
D)  state implementation plansE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Technology-forcing standards assume that once standards have been established, the industries will be forced to develop the technology needed to meet the standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A pesticide with general use registration can be sold without any restrictions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The primary effect of the 1984 and 1986 amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act was to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  make landfills a last resort for the disposal of many types of waste
B)  have safer transportation for hazardous waste
C)  create more efficient storage facilities for hazardous waste
D)  provide licenses for producers and transporters of hazardous wasteE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Triple-bottomline accounting attempts to describe the social and environmental impact of an organization's activities in relation to the firm's economic performance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Under the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act, a ________ is one at which there is a reasonable certainty of no harm from exposure to a pesticide.

Accepted Answer

A)  safe disposal level
B)  safe interaction level
C)  safe residue level
D)  safe exposure levelE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

State the three primary means by which environmental problems originating in one area of the globe affect other areas.

Accepted Answer

International cooperation on environment...

Question 14

Which of the following terms refers to the maximum allowable amounts of pollutants that can be discharged from a point source within a given time period?

Accepted Answer

A)  point emissions
B)  effluent limitations
C)  threshold limitations
D)  maximum emissionsE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

In the context of the enforcement of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, if the state fails to act within ________, the Environmental Protection Agency takes action to enforce the state's requirements.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 days
B)  30 days
C)  45 days
D)  60 daysE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, discharges without a permit or in amounts in excess of those allowed by the permit may result in the imposition of criminal penalties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following actions follows the establishment of a Natural Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each city has nine months to meet the standard.
B)  Each state has nine months to establish a state implementation plan.
C)  Each point source polluter has thirty days to reduce contaminant levels to the maximum permissible.
D)  Each environmental impact statement must include the new standard.E) None of the above
F) A) and B) B

Question 18

The goals of the 1972 amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act were to be achieved through a system of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  levying emission charges only
B)  levying emission charges and marketable discharge permits
C)  permits and effluent discharge limitations
D)  direct regulationE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is provided by the "right to know" provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act?

Accepted Answer

A)  the right of point source polluters to receive notice of a hearing
B)  the right of consumers to obtain Environmental Protection Agency records
C)  the right of households to receive annual reports on water contaminants and resulting health problems
D)  the right to free flow of scientific information between the Environmental Protection Agency and the public drinking water suppliersE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

The general fund is created primarily from taxes on corporations in industries that create significant amounts of hazardous waste.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Environmental Law

The primary problem with the government subsidies approach is that when a subsidy is for less than 100 percent of the cost, the firm that limits its pollutants must still pay the difference between the actual cost and the subsidy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best illustrates a technology-driven standard set by direct regulation?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

According to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), the primary and secondary standards are the same for sulfur dioxide.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Which of the following is true of negligence actions involving hazardous materials?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treaties are implied agreements between two or more nations that specify how particular issues are to be resolved.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the various alternatives to direct regulation and state the problems with each of them.

Correct AnswerverifiedUnder a subsidy system, the government p...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following primary responses of the U.S. to environmental problems involve written agreements between two or more nations that specify how particular issues are to be resolved?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Technology-forcing standards assume that once standards have been established, the industries will be forced to develop the technology needed to meet the standards.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pesticide with general use registration can be sold without any restrictions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary effect of the 1984 and 1986 amendments to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act was to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Triple-bottomline accounting attempts to describe the social and environmental impact of an organization's activities in relation to the firm's economic performance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under the 1996 Food Quality Protection Act, a ________ is one at which there is a reasonable certainty of no harm from exposure to a pesticide.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

State the three primary means by which environmental problems originating in one area of the globe affect other areas.

Correct AnswerverifiedInternational cooperation on environment...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following terms refers to the maximum allowable amounts of pollutants that can be discharged from a point source within a given time period?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the enforcement of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, if the state fails to act within ________, the Environmental Protection Agency takes action to enforce the state's requirements.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, discharges without a permit or in amounts in excess of those allowed by the permit may result in the imposition of criminal penalties.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following actions follows the establishment of a Natural Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The goals of the 1972 amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act were to be achieved through a system of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is provided by the "right to know" provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The general fund is created primarily from taxes on corporations in industries that create significant amounts of hazardous waste.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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False

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Under a subsidy system, the government p...
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International cooperation on environment...
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B

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